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What’s The Difference Between Mortar And Cement?

Introduction

When it comes to construction materials, cement and mortar are two key components that are often confused with each other. While both are used in building projects, they serve different purposes. Understanding the differences between cement and mortar is essential for any construction professional or DIY enthusiast. In this article, we will explore what sets them apart.

What is Cement?

Cement is a binding agent made of various raw materials, including limestone, clay, shells, and silica sand. It is widely used in the construction industry to hold together different building materials. Cement acts as a glue, binding and hardening when mixed with water.

Types of Cement

There are different types of cement available depending on the specific requirements of a project:

• Ordinary Portland Cement (OPC): This is the most commonly used variety, suitable for a wide range of applications.
• Portland Pozzolana Cement (PPC): Blended with pozzolanic materials like fly ash, this type of cement enhances workability and durability.
• Rapid Hardening Cement: As the name suggests, this cement achieves higher strength in a shorter time, making it ideal for certain time-sensitive projects.
• Sulphate Resistant Cement: This type of cement has low levels of tricalcium aluminate, making it more resistant to sulfate attack.

What is Mortar?

Mortar is a mixture of cement, sand, and water that is used to bind construction materials such as bricks, stones, or concrete blocks together. It acts as a bonding agent, providing structural strength and durability to the masonry units.

Types of Mortar

There are different types of mortar available, each suited to specific applications:

• Type N Mortar: Composed of Portland cement, lime, sand, and water, this general-purpose mortar is commonly used for above-grade projects.
• Type S Mortar: With higher compressive strength, this mortar is ideal for load-bearing applications or areas where high resistance to weathering is required.
• Type M Mortar: This high-strength mortar is designed for use in below-grade projects, where it provides increased durability and resistance to external moisture.
• Type O Mortar: Offering low compressive strength, this mortar is typically used for non-load bearing interior applications.

Differences Between Cement and Mortar

The primary differences between cement and mortar can be summarized as follows:

• Composition: Cement is a standalone material, while mortar is made by mixing cement, sand, and water.
• Application: Cement is used as a binding agent in concrete, while mortar is employed to join bricks or masonry units together.
• Strength: Cement provides high compressive strength, while mortar offers a lower strength but higher workability for better adhesion.
• Types: Cement has various types based on project requirements, whereas mortar types vary based on the application and required strength.

Conclusion

While often used interchangeably, cement and mortar are distinct construction materials with specific purposes. Cement is a key ingredient in concrete, providing strength and durability, while mortar acts as a binder for brickwork and masonry projects. Understanding the differences between the two is crucial in choosing the right material for specific applications. Whether you are undertaking a construction project or simply interested in the world of construction, the knowledge of cement and mortar will serve you well.

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Whats The Difference Between Mortar And Cement